Bangladesh: Facts & Stats

ECONOMY

Industry:

The industrial sector produces around 10 percent of GDP.

The textile industry has played an important role in Bangladesh’s economy for a long time. Textile industry in Bangladesh is geographically more dispersed.

Now, the textile industry in Bangladesh accounts for 45 percent of all industrial employment and contributes 5 percent to the total national income. The industry employs nearly 4 million people, mostly women. Bangladesh's textile industry is divided into three sectors namely, public sector; handloom sector; and the private sector. The private sector is the fastest growing sector in the country.

The ready-made garment industry employed more than 200,000 people. According to some estimates, about 80 percent were women, never previously in the industrial work force. At present there are about 3000 garment industries in the country and 75 percent of them are in Dhaka. The rest are in Chittagong and Khulna.

Pharmaceutical is now one of the fastest growing sectors in Bangladesh. There are about 231 companies in this sector.

Another sector to the economic development of Bangladesh has been a general lack of mineral resources: oil and natural gas. Some deposits of coal have been found in the Rajshahi area.

Agriculture:

Bangladesh is an agricultural country, with nearly half the population employed in this sector. Rice is the predominant agricultural product, but jute and tea, both of which are key sources of foreign exchange, also are important. Rice is the staple food in the everyday diet of Bangladeshis. The production of rice, which can be harvested 2 or even 3 times a year. Jute, often called the "golden fibre" of Bengal, is the main export-earner for Bangladeshi agriculture, as Bangladesh remains the world's second-largest producer of jute (after India) and the world's largest exporter of fiber. Jute is traditionally used for the fiber of carpet backing, burlap bags, cheap paper, and various other purposes.

Much of the country's agricultural land is set aside for the cultivation of rice and jute as well as some wheat. Other major agricultural products include wheat; pulses, such as peas, beans, and lentils; sweet potatoes; oilseeds and spices of various kinds; sugarcane; tobacco; and fruits, such as bananas, mangoes, and pineapples. The country also is a leading producer of goat milk and goat meat.

Fishing is another important activity in the country, contributing about 5 percent to the GDP and providing 6 percent of the total export income. Bangladesh mainly exports its shrimp to the international market.

Research & Development:

Research and science in Bangladesh including 3 category:

• Bangladesh Academy of Sciences


• Pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh


• Bangladeshi scientists

Development plans of Bangladesh have emphasized science and technological research to develop technologies through adoption of imported technology as well as development of indigenous technologies. A National Science and Technology Policy has been formulated and adopted by the Government.

BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) is the largest multi-crop research institute. This institute carries out research on non-commodity areas, such as soil and crop management, disease and insect management, irrigation and water management, development of farm machinery, improvement of cropping and farming system management, post-harvest handling and processing, and socio-economics studies related to production, marketing, and consumption.

As the country is heavily dependent on imported technologies, proper planning is required for its effective transfer through acquisition, assimilation and adoption.

BMRC (Bangladesh Medical Research Council) is a organization for health research in Bangladesh. It has the objectives of identifying problems and issues relating to medical and health sciences and determining priority areas in research on the basis of healthcare needs, goals, policies and objectives. It including 54 members representing postgraduate medical institutes, medical colleges, universities, learned societies, medical institutions, health-related organizations and medical education, services and research in Bangladesh.

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